Tuckman (1975) defines evaluations as a process where in the parts, process, or outcomes of a program are examined to see whether they are satisfactory, particularly with reference the programs stated objectives, our own expectations, or our own standards of excellence.
Campbell defines measurement as The assignment of numerals to objects or events according to certain rules is called measurement.
J.p guilford defines measurement as the description of data. In terms of numbers and this, in turn means taking advantages of the many benefits that operate with numbers and mathematichs thinking provide.
Test is defined as a method of measuring a person’s ability knowledge, or performance in a given domain (Brown :2004:3).
Anthony J Nitko (1983:6) defines test as systematic procedure for observing and describing one or more characteristics of person with the aid of either a numerical of category system.
Lidz,2003 defines assessment as the process of gathering information to obtain a profile a child psychology that includes symptomps and intensity, the constraints experienced by the strenghts and weaknessas well as the important role they need.
Gibson,1991:374 ; defines assessment as to describe the progress, acquire or procedure information that is useful to consider a decision.
Formal assessments are the systematic, data-based tests that measure what and how well the students have learned. Formal assessments determine the students’ proficiency or mastery of the content, and can be used for comparisons against certain standards.
Informal assessments are those assessments that result from teachers' spontaneous day-to-day observations of how students behave and perform in class.
Harlen and James (1997) defines formative assessment as essentially positive in intent, in that it is directed towards promoting learning; it is therefore part of teaching.
Summative assessment is defined as testing which often occurs at the end of a term or course, used primarily to provide information about how much the student has learned and how well the course was taught (Wojtczak :2002).
Reference:
http://belajardii.blogspot.com/2015/03/definition-of-assessment-according-to.html?m=1
https://www.sace.sa.edu.au/web/iea/research/assessment-insider/articles/formative-vs-summative-assessment
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formative_assessment
https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/formal-vs-informal-assessments/
